Summary: Between 1997 and 2005, the costs of patient care in United States hospitals rose an average of 5.3 percent a year. These cost increases mean that, since 1997, hospital costs have almost doubled. Yet, in a positive turn, during 2005 and 2006 the average rise in costs was only 1 percent.

Comment: Nearly half of the cost increases from the past 10 years was due to higher intensity of care (greater use of procedures, technologies, and other inventions). The significant slow of that increase over the period from 2005 to 2006, however, may be due to the adoption of managed care plans and rising use of outpatient care.

Summary: Researchers have discovered breakthrough information to prevent or slow a type of Parkinson's disease and Lewy body disease. They have created a genetically altered mouse that demonstrates the brain deterioration and nerve cell loss found in those with Parkinson's disease.

Comment: The current treatments for Parkinson's disease only work to relieve some of the symptoms, not to improve the actual condition. This research shows how the brain deterioration happens, which could lead to new medications that prevent or slow the brain deterioration. Being able to see how the nerve damage actually happens can allow scientist to begin new studies to better understand the causes and prevention of Parkinson's disease.

Summary: Recent statistics show that in 2007 56% of Americans adults, which is more than 122 million people, attempted to find information about a personal health concern from a source other than their physician. This statistic is up from 38% in 2001. Education levels were a key factor in determining whether a person sought medical information, 72% of those with a graduate degree compared to 42% of those with only a high school diploma. The number of Americans using the internet for medical information doubled from 16% in 2001 to 32% in 2007.

Comment: More than half of the people reported that the information changed their general approach to their health care, and 80% reported that the information helped them better understand treatments of their condition or illness. Doctors are always a good source of medical information, but it can often be hard to consult a doctor with every concern. Finding more information on medical conditions, such as Parkinson's disease, can help patients better understand their health.

Summary: The American Academy of Neurology, to follow up the success of Neurology Now (an award-winning patient and caregiver magazine), is planning to release, next year, a series of Neurology Now Books. Currently there are titles planned to address multiple sclerosis, brain tumors, and taste and smell disorders. In addition, a fourth publication is planned for later that year.

Comment: The magazine, Neurology Now, offers cutting-edge information on neurological diseases such as Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy, migraines, and Parkinson's disease, among others. These books will offer the same kind of information to an even greater number of the one in six people now affected with a neurological disorder.

Summary: A century old drug, methylene blue, may be able to provide a cure for Parkinson's and Alzheimer's by slowing the cellular aging. The dose required is very low, the equivalent of a few raindrops in four Olympic sized pools, but the small dose slows the cellular aging and improves mitochondrial functions, which helps people with Parkinson's or Alzheimer's to stay healthier for longer.

Comment: Alzheimer's and Parkinson's are often affected by aging, so this drug that slows aging could slow the progress of the diseases. The researchers believe that even though this drug was never previously considered as a treatment it could provide a higher quality of life for those with the diseases. They also believe that after more research methylene blue could become a commonplace drug like aspirin, and that it could also be prescribed as a blood thinner.

Summary: Parkinson's disease is characterized by the accumulation of alpha-syn proteins in the dopaminergic nerve cells. It was found that yeast has a protein that protects itself from protein aggregation, but this protein does not exist in mammals. This protein is called Hsp104 and can reduce alpha-syn aggregates such as those that cause Parkinson's disease.

Comment: It has long been suggested that being able to block alpha-syn protein aggregates could help cure or lessen the symptoms for those with Parkinson's disease. This new protein from yeast could allow a new kind of Parkinson's treatment that could actually cure the disease. More research still needs to be done to test the safety of Hsp104 on the brain.

Summary: Inpatient medication reconciliation was made a National Patient Safety Goal in 2005 and nationwide attention was soon focused on the issue of errors in these medication records as patients move in and out of hospitals. However, a new study from Brigham and Women's Hospital has shown that inpatients experience and average of one and a half potentially harmful errors in their records during the course of their hospital stay. The study also attempted to identify the frequency of specific kinds of errors, at what point during a patient's stay these errors occur, and factors which put a patient at risk for errors to occur.

Comment: Dr. Jeffrey Schnipper, MD, MPH senior author and Hospitalist at BWH stated his hope that, "This information can help guide hospitals in determining where to focus their efforts for addressing this problem." He also noted that patients today are often on more medications than they have been in the past, raising the stakes along with the risks. Information collected by this study will, no doubt, have a significant effect in reducing the frequency of these errors, thus reducing the risk for all patients.

Summary: In a recent study researchers found that about 82% of Americans believe that the health care system in America needs to be reformed. 90% believed that the presidential candidates need to develop health care reform plans to improve the quality and coverage of health care. 90% also believe that it is important to have one doctor responsible for their primary care and for coordinating care with specialists. 90% also reported believing that having access to their medical records, and doctors having the same access was important.

Comment: Parkinson's disease requires the best medical care possible, and many people in America do not believe that they are getting the level of care that they need. People with Parkinson's, and all other people in America, can affect their health care system by contacting their representatives and voicing their concerns and thoughts about the current health care system.

Summary: Researchers examined the death rates from the incorrect use of prescriptions in the home, called FMEs. There are four types of FMEs as classified by the researchers. Type one is the domestic use of prescriptions with street drugs or alcohol, which has increased by 3,196% between 1983 and 2004. Type 2 is the domestic use of prescriptions without drugs or alcohol, which has increased 5%. Type 3 is the non-domestic use of prescriptions with drugs or alcohol, and has increased 564%, and type 4 is the non-domestic use of prescriptions without drugs or alcohol, and has increased by 555%.

Comment: While many of the medications involved were safe in a clinical setting is has been suggested that they are more dangerous when used at home, since an incorrect dose or use with drugs or alcohol are more likely. It is suggested that more research is done about the safety of medications at home or work and that patients are especially careful when taking prescriptions at home.

Summary: With proper stimulation adult stem cells can produce new brain cells to replace those lost to disease or injury. Scientists have newly discovered that these cells exist in a different part of the brain that commonly believed and that they are, in fact, the ependymal cells that line the ventricles in the brain and spinal cord instead of cells in the subventricular zone.

Comment: Researchers note that knowing the precise location of these cells is cruical when attempting to develop stem cell based therapies. This research also lays the groundwork for therapies in which a patients own stem cells can produce neurological cells.